What is gem identification?

Gem identification is a logical process of deduction or alternatively of elimination. The expert performs a series of observations and tests upon a particular stone and with each test will eliminate some of the possible identities of that stone. Finally through step-by-step testing only one identity will fit the stone in question. This is the end point of the exercise to identify an unknown gemstone in terms its mineralogical group, species and variety. In gem identification one normally analyses progressively from easily determined properties to those whose determination is more difficult and time consuming. The first step is to look at the stone and note its color, luster, and other visually determinable properties, followed by more complex and time consuming steps.