Gemology as a science is nearly one hundred years old, but has been slow to take hold for several reasons. The gem identification tools, such as polariscope, dichroscope, microscope, refractometer, spectroscope, UV light sources, were unknown to gem traders and jewelers for many decades. Gem dealers and jewelers trusted the word of salespeople and jewelry suppliers about gemstones identification or quality grades. Common separations such as species and variety were unknown to them. Identification and grading were based on personal and biased opinion of a few.
The gemstone identification is a logical process of deduction or alternatively of elimination. The gemologist performs a series of observations and tests upon a particular stone with each test will eliminate some of the possible identities of that stone. Finally through step-by-step testing only one identity will fit the stone in question. This is the end point of the exercise to identify an unknown material in terms of its mineralogical group, species, and variety.
In gem identification, one normally proceeds progressively from easily determined properties to those whose determination is more difficult and time consuming. Obviously, then, the first step is to look at the stone and note its color, luster, and other visually determinable properties, followed by more complex and time consuming steps.
Today knowing your gemstones is absolutely essential. New synthetics, treatments, gemstone discoveries make gem identification more complex than ever to gem dealers, jewelers, and consumers. The password to avoiding costly mistakes and recognizing opportunities is to gain, firstly, the right education. With a nominal investment, almost anyone can venture into the world of gemology and begin to experience the wonders of Mother Nature.
People from every walk of life can learn gemology. It only requires the 4 P’s: patience, perseverance, practice, and participation.
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